Iyiphi inqubo ye-SMT ye-PCBA?

• I-SMT (ubuchwepheshe be-Surface-Mount), okungukuthi ubuchwepheshe baseMount Surface Mount, ubuchwepheshe obudumile kakhulu nenqubo embonini yomhlangano we-elekthronikhi. Idlala indima ebalulekile kwi-PCB (Inqubo Yokukhiqiza Yesekethe Yesekethe). Ngamagama alula, i-PCBA yingxenye efaka izakhi ezahlukahlukene ze-elekthronikhi ebhodini lesekethe eliphrintiwe (PCB), futhi i-SMT inqubo ebalulekile ukubona lokhu kufakwa.

Iphrinta ye-solder

• Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala kwinqubo ye-SMT futhi kufana nokwakha "isisekelo" se-PCBA. Okokuqala, i-PCB ilungisiwe kwi-WorkBench Press. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukunamathisela okuthengiswayo (i-paste of alloy powder kanye flux) kunyatheliswa ngensimbi yensimbi (ishidi elincanyana elinephethini lokuvula elithile) kwi-PCB lapho izakhi zidinga ukuthengiswa khona. Le nqubo idinga ukulawulwa okuqondile kwenani le-solder passe kanye nesikhundla sokuphrinta, njengoba nje umdwebi asebenzisa upende kwi-canvas ngokunemba. Uma inani le-solder passe likhulu kakhulu, kungenzeka kube nezinkinga ezinjengokujikeleza okufushane kwinqubo elandelayo ye-welding; Ukunameka okuncane kakhulu ku-solder kungaholela ekutholeni okubuthakathaka.

Ingxenye yengxenye

• Ngemuva kokuthi ukuphrinta okuqediwe solder kuqediwe, kungena esigabeni esijabulisayo esikhulayo, okuyisigaba lapho i-PCBA iqala khona "ukwengeza izitini nodaka". Umshini weNtaba, okufana ne-elf "eguquguqukayo eguquguqukayo, ungakhipha izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zentaba (i-SMD) kusuka kubhande lezinto ezibonakalayo noma ngeplate ebonakalayo ngesivinini esikhulu nokunemba, bese ubeka kahle i-solte pad ephrintiwe kwi-PCB Pad isikhundla . Lezi zingxenye ziyehluka ngosayizi kusuka kuma-chips amancane kuya kuma-capacitors amakhulu, aphike, njalonjalo. Umshini wokubekwa usebenza ngokunemba okukhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ifakwe ngqo lapho kufanele kube khona, ngendlela efanayo yamaphutha, ngendlela efanayo lapho abasebenzi bezokwakha bebeka khona ingxenye ngayinye eyingqayizivele yesakhiwo.

Khombisa ukuthengisa

• Lapho izakhi zifakwa kwi-PCB ngokunembile, kuzothumela "ekuhlolweni kwe-welding" - kuveza ukufudumala. Le nqubo ifana "nobhapathizo lokushisa oluphezulu" lwe-PCBA, ukuze unamathisele lo-solder kuncibilika ekushiseni okuphezulu, ukuze uxazulule izikhonkwane zezakhi kanye namaphampu ku-PCB ngokuqinile. Ku-reflew welder, izinga lokushisa lizokhula kancane kancane futhi linciphe ngokuya ngejika lesethi. Lapho amazinga okushisa ekhuphuka endaweni yokuncibilika kwe-solder paste, unamathisela we-solder uzoba uketshezi, futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokungezwani komhlaba, kuzogcwalisa igebe phakathi kwengxenye yengxenye kanye ne-pad, kwakha ukuxhumana okuhle kagesi. Lapho amazinga okushisa ehla, ukunxuma okuthengiswayo, izakhi zilungiswa ngokuqinile kwi-PCB, njengezingxenye zensimbi ngemuva kokushisa okuphezulu kwecala, elixhumeke ngokuqinile nangokuqinile.

I-3.insPection nokulungiswa

• Ngemuva kwezinqubo ezimbalwa zokuqala, i-PCBA yasungulwa kuqala, kepha ayikwazi "ukuthathwa kalula". Lokhu kulandelwa ukuhlolwa okuqinile, okufana "nokuhlolwa komzimba okugcwele" nge-PCBA. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Optical okuzenzakalelayo (AOI) kungabheka ukuthi ngabe isikhundla esiphakeme sezakhi silungile, noma ngabe kukhona izingxenye ezingekho, noma ngabe u-solder unamathisela i-welding muhle, nezinye izinkinga ezingenzeka. Uma i-PCBA enesici itholakala, idinga ukulungiswa. Ukulungiswa kufana nokuthi "Ukwelapha" I-PCBA egulayo. Ochwepheshe bazosebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile nemishini yokulungisa izingxenye ezinephutha, njengokuphinda bangenele izingxenye ezimbi kakhulu, ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi i-PCBA ngayinye ingahlangabezana nezindlela ezilandelayo zokukhiqiza noma zilethwe ku ikhasimende.

I-4.All nhlobo , ubuchwepheshe be-SMT buyisistimu eqondile futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCBA. Ukusuka ekwakhiweni kweSisekelo sokuphrinta ukunamathisela kwe-solder, ekuhlelweni ngokucophelela kwezinto ezikhuphukayo, ekuhlanganiseni okusemqoka kokukhombisa ukuthuliswa, kanye nokusekelwa kokugcina, isixhumanisi ngasinye sixhumene kakhulu futhi sixhumeke kakhulu. Ukuqaliswa okuqondile nokuxhumeka okusebenzayo kwesixhumanisi ngasinye kungaqinisekisa ukuphuma okuphezulu kwe-PCB, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi yokusebenza, ukuqina kanye nokuthembela, ukuze kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wonke wezogesi, bese ubeka okuqinile Isisekelo sokuzalwa kwemikhiqizo eminingi ephezulu yobuchwepheshe obuphakeme.